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11.     DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS AND HEDGING ACTIVITIES

Risk Management Objective of Using Derivatives

The Company is exposed to certain interest rate risks on our outstanding debt and foreign currency risks arising from our international business operations and global economic conditions. The Company enters into certain derivative financial instruments to lock in certain interest rates, as well as to protect the value or fix the amount of certain obligations in terms of its functional currency, the U.S. dollar.

Cash Flow Hedges of Interest Rate Risk

The Company uses interest rate swap arrangements to manage or hedge its interest rate risk. Notwithstanding the terms of the swaps, the Company is ultimately obligated for all amounts due and payable under the Credit Facility. The Company does not use interest rate swaps for speculative or trading purposes.

On June 19, 2019, the Company entered into a floating-to-fixed interest rate swap for an aggregate notional amount of $100.0 million in order to hedge a portion of the Company’s floating rate indebtedness under the Credit Facility. The Company designated the swap as a cash flow hedge. The swap required the Company to pay a fixed rate of 1.94% per annum on the notional amount. The cash flows from the swap began June 30, 2019 and ended on December 31, 2021. Realized gains and losses in connection with each required interest payment were reclassified from Accumulated other comprehensive income (“AOCI”) to interest expense during the period of the cash flows.  During 2021 and 2020, $0.4 million and $0.7 million was reclassified into interest expense.

Hedges of Foreign Exchange Risk

The Company is exposed to fluctuations in various foreign currencies against its functional currency, the US dollar. We use foreign currency derivatives, specifically foreign currency forward contracts (“FX Forwards”), to manage our exposure to fluctuations in the USD-CAD and USD-AUD exchange rates. FX Forwards involve fixing the foreign currency exchange rate for delivery of a specified amount of foreign currency on a specified date. The FX Forwards are typically settled in US dollars for their fair value at or close to their settlement date. We do not currently designate any of these FX Forwards under hedge accounting, but rather reflect the changes in fair value immediately in earnings. We do not use such instruments for speculative or trading purposes, but rather use them to manage our exposure to foreign exchange rates. Changes in the fair value of FX Forwards are recorded in other income/expense and were equal to net income of $1.1 million for the twelve months December 31, 2022, and net losses of $0.4 million for each of the twelve months ended December 31, 2021 and 2020. The fair values of the Company’s FX Forwards were recorded as a net asset of $0.3 million in Other Current Assets as of December 31, 2022 and a net obligation of $0.05 million in Other Current Liabilities as of December 31, 2021.

As of December 31, 2022, the Company had the following outstanding FX Forwards (in thousands except for number of instruments):

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The financial statement impact related to these derivative instruments was insignificant for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2019, respectively.